Ecuador, officially known as the Republic of Ecuador, is located in South America. It is bordered by Colombia to the north, Peru to the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The country’s unique geography is defined by the presence of the equator, which runs through its territory, giving Ecuador its name. With a diverse landscape encompassing the Andes Mountains, the Amazon Rainforest, and the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador is known for its breathtaking natural beauty and rich biodiversity. Its capital and largest city, Quito, is situated in a valley on the eastern slopes of the Pichincha volcano. Ecuador is a unitary presidential republic, with a government that is focused on promoting economic growth, preserving its cultural heritage, and protecting its natural resources. The nation is home to a culturally diverse population, with a mixture of indigenous, mestizo, and Afro-Ecuadorian communities. Considered a jewel of South America, Ecuador offers visitors a wealth of experiences, from exploring ancient Inca ruins to marveling at diverse wildlife in the Galapagos Islands.